Insects have a range of mouthparts, adapted to particular modes of feeding. We identified 57 types of mouthparts and reported their distribution during time fig. Types of mouthparts of insect 1 arthropods insects and. Insect mouth parts zoology for ias, ifos and other. All insects have their mouthparts on the outside of their heads, which are basically modified, paired appendages that are used to acquire and manipulate food. These similar mouthparts are an example of homologous organs. In fact, an insects mouth is one of its defining features. Basal or generalized insect mouthparts consist of 5 basic structures. The two most common forms are the chewing and piercingsucking types moth and butterflies have a different, unique form of mouthparts.
One of the largest insect orders, it numbers more than 125,000 species that are relatively small, with soft bodies. To determine what type of mouth an insect has, get a good hand lens 10 to 15x or a small microscope and a bright light. Moving from anterior to posterior these structures are. Mouthpart definition of mouthpart by merriamwebster. Mouthpart definition is a structure or appendage near the mouth as of an insect especially when adapted for use in gathering or eating food. Sep 02, 2016 several of the books i got from the library suggested ways to demonstrate different types of insect mouthparts. Types of mouthparts of insect 1 arthropods insects. Insects are one of the representative classes within. Types of mouthparts of insect 1 free download as powerpoint presentation. Apart from the wide heterogeneity found within the order, for diptera we can discern between two basic types of sucking mouthparts. The insect mouthparts consist of the maxilla, labium, and in some species, the mandibles 16 the labrum is a simple, fused sclerite, often called the upper lip, and moves longitudinally, which is hinged to the clypeus. Introduction to the identification of insects and related. Types of insect mouthparts mouthparts of insects vary to a great extend among insects of different groups depending upon their feeding habits.
Ppt different types of mouthparts in insects powerpoint. Form and function of insect mouthparts request pdf. Mouth parts in insects with diagram biology discussion. Students will already be familiar with various types of insects and will have the understanding that there are many different characteristics that differentiate the orders. Each species is perfectly suited to its role, and their mouthparts have evolved in ways that allow them to effectively exploit their food sources. Background information the ecological roles that animals play in their ecosystems or habitats are, for the most part, determined by what and how they eat. There are some other good lesson plan ideas about insects at this same site, too. In fact, an insect s mouth is one of its defining features. Certainly it is common for significant homology to be conserved, with matching structures. In mosquitoes and sand flies, all pieces of mouth parts are narrow and elongated to form a proboscis. This is the first comprehensive book focusing on the form and function of insect mouthparts. Do the different type of insect mouthparts all have the same parts.
Students will already be familiar with various types of insects and will have the understanding that there are many. Recognizing the basic types of plant damage that results from the feeding of a particular insect or group of insects is important for applying effective insect pest management strategies. Jul 26, 2019 after leaving its egg, an insect must grow and undergo a series of physical transformations until reaching adulthood. Insect mouthparts can be categorized in three principal functional types. This chapter describes the general mouthpart morphology of hexapoda, introduces basic feeding types in insects, and illustrates mouthpart. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Gross destructive strange beautiful fascinating but, where do they fit into the larger animal kingdom. Structure and function of mouthparts biology courses. This type of mouth parts are supposed to be the most primitive type as the other types are believed to be evolved from biting and chewing type of mouth parts. A phylum of animals more commonly known as arthropods most of life on earth is a member of phylum arthropoda. This type of mouth parts are supposed to be the most primitive type as the other types are believed to be evolved from. In addition, some insecticides are more effective against insects with certain types of mouthparts. They are found in mosquitoes, sand flies, biting midges, bugs and lice.
The diversification is now known to be clearly related to angiosperm diversity and believed to be related largely. Different types of mouthparts in insects is the property of its rightful owner. Homometabolous insects have different types of mouthparts in their larvae and adult stages. Mouthparts of insects vary to a great extend among insects of different groups depending upon their feeding habits. This may mean an increase in complexity for you, and will usually require additional knowledge about specific types of structures and the variation that exists within these structures. This type of mouth parts are supposed to be the most primitive type as the other types are believed to be evolved.
The mandibles jaws are a highly sclerotized pair of structures that move at right angles to the body, used for biting. A chewing insect has a pair of mandibles, one on each side of the head. Butterfly with mouthparts rolled up under its head. The transformative changes an insect passes through as it moves from one stage of its life cycle to the next is called metamorphosis. Insect mouth parts fall into different categories depending on the insect type. Insects are incredibly diverse organisms, and they fill a variety of niches in their respective ecosystems. Each has a certain tool for dealing with certain prey. Insect mouth parts show many cases of parallel evolution, the same end being independently achieved along similar, but not identical lines. Major structural types of extant insect mouthparts are extensive. Numerous instances of multielement fusion both within. Insect mouthparts an overview sciencedirect topics.
Dipteran, order diptera, any member of an order of insects containing the twowinged or socalled true flies. These types of mouth parts are suitable for piercing the skin of animal or plant and suck blood or fluid. The mandibles are caudal to the labrum and anterior to the maxillae. Mouthparts of insects are modified cephalic appendages. Dec 16, 2015 insects exhibit a range of mouthparts, adapted to particular modes of feeding.
Abstract one of the most intensively examined and abundantly documented structures in the animal world is insect mouthparts. Major structural types of extant insect mouthparts are extensive, consisting of diverse variations in element structure within each of the five mouthpart regionslabrum, hypopharynx, mandibles, maxillae, and labium. Insect mouthparts amateur entomologists society aes. Examples of adaptive radiation can be found just about everywhere in the insect world think about variability in legs, wings, and antennae, for example. The main function of mouthparts is involved in feeding and therefore it varies in form and structure according to the taxonomic group and feeding habit of the taxa. Different types of mouthparts biting and chewing type chewing and lapping type lacerating and sucking type piercing and sucking type sponging type siphoning type mask type degenerate type. Introduction to the identification of insects and related arthropods 2003 p. Where specialised food sources have been exploited, the mouthparts are modified, sometimes very considerably, so that the food may be obtained satisfactorily. Learn more insect mouthparts and how they are perfectly. Contrary to some peoples opinions, no species of insect eats everything. The basic structure of mouthparts remains the same. This type is called piercing and sucking mouthparts. Modified sucking mouthparts are found in all the paraneoptera orders, adult siphonaptera, diptera, bees and lepidoptera. Houseflies utilize spongy pads that secrete saliva over their food, dissolving the food source which can later be sucked up through their strawlike mouth.
These consist of the labrum forming upper lip, mandibles, first maxillae, second maxillae forming lower lip. Typically the mandibles are the largest and most robust mouthparts of a chewing insect, and it uses them to masticate cut, tear, crush, chew food items. I may have combined some ideas from those books, but i think i mostly followed this lesson plan here for this activity. Entomologists pay close attention to mouthparts because their structure allows us to infer what type of food is consumed plant or animal, solid or liquid, dead or alive. Extension is a division of the institute of agriculture and natural resources at the university of nebraskalincoln cooperating with the counties and the united states department of agriculture.
The diversity of insect mouthparts required for the different feeding guilds was established well before the appearance of angiosperms 200 mya, but diversification of families, genera, and species has continued unabated ever since. Insects exhibit a range of mouthparts, adapted to particular modes of feeding. Insects are found everywhere in the world, and they eat pretty much anything. Specialization has mostly been for piercing and sucking, although a.
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